Beyond Machiavelli

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Look
in a mirror. What do you see? A human?
Self-confident, we tell ourselves that we are a gifted species that can see further than any other. And, because of big brains, we are probably right. But smart as we are, we have a lot to learn. John
R. Skoyles and Dorion Sagan, Up from Dragons
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Many
behavioral differences exist between chimps and humans, just as
between chimps and gorillas or between gibbons and
orangutans.
But we are struck by how much the core of chimpanzee social life in the
wild resembles some forms of human social organization, especially
under great stress—in prisons, say, or urban and motorcycle
gangs. or
crime syndicates, or tyrannies and absolute monarchies.
Niccolò Machiavelli, chronicling the maneuvering necessary
to
get ahead in the seamy politics of Renaissance Italy—and
shocking his
contemporaries, especially when he was honest—might have felt
more or
less at home in chimpanzee society. So might many dictators,
whether they style themselves of the right or left
persuasion. So
might many followers. Beneath a thin varnish of civilization,
it
sometimes seems, there's a chimp struggling to bust out—to
take off the
absurd clothes and restraining social conventions and let
loose.
But this is not the whole story.
Carl
Sagan and Ann Druyan, Shadows of Forgotten
Ancestors
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